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Smith and colleagues in contrast the mind exercise of " major" mice with entry to rising concentrations of ethanol, bystander mice housed in the identical room, and management mice housed in a separate room. (Inventory picture) Credit score: © Stramyk Igor / Fotolia Ache sensitivity related to alcohol withdrawal might activate the identical mind area in each ingesting and non-drinking mice, finds a examine revealed in   eNeuro . Monique Smith and colleagues beforehand confirmed that "bystander" mice housed with mice present process withdrawal from opioids or alcohol expertise hyperalgesia, a heightened sensitivity to ache, identical to the induced-withdrawal mice. On this examine, the authors explored whether or not mind areas related to ache and empathy for ache in people -- the somatosensory cortex, insula (INS), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) -- may be concerned within the social switch of ache in mice. Smith and colle...

Researchers administered an online survey to 1,537 first-year Canadian undergraduates (two-thirds of whom were women) during 2015. Problematic alcohol use was measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and personality was measured by the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS). The 11 secondhand-harm choices given to students ranged from "interrupted your studies" to "sexually harassed/insulted you." The prevalence of secondhand harm from alcohol was high among undergraduates. There were three distinct but related types of harm: "strains" such as interruption of sleep or study (68%), "threats" such as harassment or assault (44%), and "interpersonal harm" such as arguments with peers (64%). Thirty-five percent of students reported experiencing all three types of harm in the last term. All four personality dimensions were associated with greater secondhand-harm exposure, albeit through different mechanisms. ...

Researchers used community advertisements to recruit 434 adults (240 men, 194 women), between 18 and 30 years of age, who varied widely in lifetime alcohol use as well as antisocial problems. Using a computer screen, all participants were presented with six different hypothetical scenarios of drinking at a party; incentives involved party-time fun activities and disincentives involved next-day responsibilities. Antisocial symptoms were associated with a reduced sensitivity to potentially negative consequences of drinking, while alcohol problems were associated with a greater sensitivity to the rewarding aspects of partying. Next-day responsibility disincentives had substantial effects on discouraging decisions about attendance, even for those with many alcohol problems. The authors contend that there is value in directly assessing drinking-related decisions in different hypothetical contexts, and in assessing decisions about attendance at risky drinking events and drinking-amount...